The preservation of drinking water resources is a fundamental necessity, not only for today but also for future generations. The Danish utility partnership 3VAND has taken a leading role in implementing comprehensive water-resource management to ensure a stable supply of high-quality drinking water.
Challenges
Denmark relies almost entirely on groundwater as its source of drinking water. This is a naturally clean resource but remains vulnerable to surface pollution and over-extraction. Therefore, a simple “extract-treat-deliver” model is not enough, long-term protection of the entire system, from source to consumer, is essential.
Solutions
3VAND applies several complementary strategies to safeguard water resources:
Use of groundwater: A sustainable source that often requires minimal treatment as in some areas of Denmark, the water is even supplied without chlorination.
Protection of sources: Preventing surface contamination through afforestation of catchment areas and restricting pesticide use. Water extraction is carefully balanced with actual demand.
Reducing network losses: The distribution network is divided into metered zones, equipped with digital monitoring and pressure management systems, enabling early leak detection and efficient infrastructure renewal.
Managing consumption: Promoting responsible water use through remote metering, transparent consumption data for households, and awareness campaigns to reduce unnecessary use.
Results
Thanks to these initiatives:
The average domestic water consumption in Denmark is around 100 litres per person per day, significantly easing pressure on natural sources.
The 3VAND utilities maintain non-revenue water (losses from leaks or metering errors) below 7 %, a world-class achievement.
These practices ensure a reliable supply of high-quality water, improved energy efficiency, and a lower environmental footprint.
In a world facing climate change, urbanization, and population growth, sustainable management of drinking water resources must be a global priority. By combining source protection, efficiency, and consumer engagement, Denmark demonstrates how water systems can shift from a “take-use-dispose” model to a circular, resilient, and sustainable approach. The Danish 3VAND model serves as an inspiring example for other countries seeking secure water futures.
Source:
State of green (2022). Preserving drinkig water supplies: https://stateofgreen.com/en/solutions/preserving-drinking-water-supplies/
